硬(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du) 是(shi)(shi)衡量材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)軟硬(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)程度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)指標(biao)。硬(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方(fang)(fang)(fang)法(fa)較(jiao)(jiao)多，原理(li)(li)也不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)相同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)，測(ce)(ce)(ce)得的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)硬(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)值(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)含義也不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)*一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)樣。zui常(chang)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)靜負荷(he)(he)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)入法(fa)硬(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)，即布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)硬(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)（HB）、洛(luo)(luo)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)硬(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)（HRA，HRB，HRC）、維氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)硬(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)（HV），其(qi)(qi)值(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)表(biao)(biao)(biao)示材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)表(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)抵抗(kang)堅硬(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)物(wu)體(ti)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)入的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)能(neng)力(li)。而里(li)(li)(li)(li)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)硬(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)（HL）、肖氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)硬(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)（HS）則屬于(yu)(yu)(yu)回(hui)跳法(fa)硬(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)，其(qi)(qi)值(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)代(dai)表(biao)(biao)(biao)金(jin)(jin)(jin)屬彈(dan)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)變(bian)形(xing)(xing)功的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)小(xiao)。因(yin)(yin)此(ci)(ci)，硬(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)是(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)單(dan)純(chun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)物(wu)理(li)(li)量，而是(shi)(shi)反(fan)映(ying)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)彈(dan)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、塑(su)(su)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、強(qiang)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)韌(ren)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)等(deng)(deng)(deng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)種綜合(he)(he)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)指標(biao)。 1、鋼材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)硬(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du) ：金(jin)(jin)(jin)屬硬(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)（Hardness）的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)代(dai)號為(wei)(wei)H。按硬(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)方(fang)(fang)(fang)法(fa)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)， ●常(chang)規表(biao)(biao)(biao)示有(you)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)（HB）、洛(luo)(luo)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)（HRC）、維氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)（HV）、里(li)(li)(li)(li)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)（HL）硬(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)等(deng)(deng)(deng)，其(qi)(qi)中(zhong)以(yi)(yi)HB及HRC較(jiao)(jiao)為(wei)(wei)常(chang)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。 ●HB應(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)范(fan)(fan)(fan)圍(wei)(wei)較(jiao)(jiao)廣，HRC適(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)表(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)高(gao)(gao)(gao)硬(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)，如(ru)熱處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)硬(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)等(deng)(deng)(deng)。兩者區別在(zai)于(yu)(yu)(yu)硬(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)計(ji)之測(ce)(ce)(ce)頭不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)，布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)硬(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)計(ji)之測(ce)(ce)(ce)頭為(wei)(wei)鋼球，而洛(luo)(luo)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)硬(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)計(ji)之測(ce)(ce)(ce)頭為(wei)(wei)金(jin)(jin)(jin)剛(gang)石。 ●HV-適(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)顯微(wei)(wei)鏡分(fen)析。維氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)硬(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)（HV） 以(yi)(yi)120kg以(yi)(yi)內的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)載(zai)(zai)(zai)荷(he)(he)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)頂角(jiao)為(wei)(wei)136°的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)金(jin)(jin)(jin)剛(gang)石方(fang)(fang)(fang)形(xing)(xing)錐(zhui)(zhui)(zhui)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)入器壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)入材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)表(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)，用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)痕(hen)(hen)(hen)(hen)(hen)凹(ao)坑的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)表(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)除以(yi)(yi)載(zai)(zai)(zai)荷(he)(he)值(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，即為(wei)(wei)維氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)硬(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)值(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)（HV）。 ●HL手提式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)硬(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)計(ji)，測(ce)(ce)(ce)量方(fang)(fang)(fang)便(bian)(bian)，利用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)沖(chong)擊球頭沖(chong)擊硬(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)表(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)后(hou)(hou)，產(chan)(chan)生彈(dan)跳；利用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)沖(chong)頭在(zai)距(ju)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)樣表(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)1mm處(chu)(chu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)回(hui)彈(dan)速(su)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)與沖(chong)擊速(su)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)比(bi)值(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)計(ji)算硬(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)，公(gong)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)：里(li)(li)(li)(li)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)硬(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)HL=1000×VB（回(hui)彈(dan)速(su)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)）/ VA（沖(chong)擊速(su)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)）。 便(bian)(bian)攜式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)里(li)(li)(li)(li)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)硬(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)計(ji)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)里(li)(li)(li)(li)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)（HL）測(ce)(ce)(ce)量后(hou)(hou)可以(yi)(yi)轉(zhuan)化為(wei)(wei)：布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)（HB）、洛(luo)(luo)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)（HRC）、維氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)（HV）、肖氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)（HS）硬(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)。或(huo)(huo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)里(li)(li)(li)(li)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)原理(li)(li)直(zhi)接(jie)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)（HB）、洛(luo)(luo)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)（HRC）、維氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)（HV）、里(li)(li)(li)(li)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)（HL）、肖氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)（HS）測(ce)(ce)(ce)量硬(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)值(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。  2、HB - 布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)硬(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)； 布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)硬(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)（HB）一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)般(ban)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)較(jiao)(jiao)軟的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時候，如(ru)有(you)色金(jin)(jin)(jin)屬、熱處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)之前或(huo)(huo)退(tui)火后(hou)(hou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)鋼鐵(tie)。洛(luo)(luo)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)硬(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)（HRC）一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)般(ban)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)硬(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)較(jiao)(jiao)高(gao)(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)，如(ru)熱處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)后(hou)(hou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)硬(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)等(deng)(deng)(deng)等(deng)(deng)(deng)。 布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)硬(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)（HB）是(shi)(shi)以(yi)(yi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)定(ding)大(da)小(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)載(zai)(zai)(zai)荷(he)(he)，將一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)定(ding)直(zhi)徑(jing)(jing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)淬(cui)(cui)(cui)硬(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)鋼球或(huo)(huo)硬(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)質(zhi)合(he)(he)金(jin)(jin)(jin)球壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)入被測(ce)(ce)(ce)金(jin)(jin)(jin)屬表(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)，保持規定(ding)時間(jian)(jian)，然后(hou)(hou)卸荷(he)(he)，測(ce)(ce)(ce)量被測(ce)(ce)(ce)表(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)痕(hen)(hen)(hen)(hen)(hen)直(zhi)徑(jing)(jing)。布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)硬(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)值(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)是(shi)(shi)載(zai)(zai)(zai)荷(he)(he)除以(yi)(yi)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)痕(hen)(hen)(hen)(hen)(hen)球形(xing)(xing)表(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)所得的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)商。一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)般(ban)為(wei)(wei)：以(yi)(yi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)載(zai)(zai)(zai)荷(he)(he)（一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)般(ban)3000kg）把(ba)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)定(ding)大(da)小(xiao)（直(zhi)徑(jing)(jing)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)般(ban)為(wei)(wei)10mm）的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)淬(cui)(cui)(cui)硬(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)鋼球壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)入材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)表(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)，保持一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)段時間(jian)(jian)，去(qu)載(zai)(zai)(zai)后(hou)(hou)，負荷(he)(he)與其(qi)(qi)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)痕(hen)(hen)(hen)(hen)(hen)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)之比(bi)值(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，即為(wei)(wei)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)硬(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)值(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)（HB），單(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)為(wei)(wei)公(gong)斤力(li)/mm2 （N/mm2）。 3、洛(luo)(luo)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)硬(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)是(shi)(shi)以(yi)(yi)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)痕(hen)(hen)(hen)(hen)(hen)塑(su)(su)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)變(bian)形(xing)(xing)深度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)來確(que)定(ding)硬(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)值(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)指標(biao)。以(yi)(yi)0.002毫米作為(wei)(wei)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)硬(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)單(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)。當(dang)HB>450或(huo)(huo)者試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)樣過小(xiao)時，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)采用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)硬(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)而改用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)洛(luo)(luo)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)硬(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)計(ji)量。它是(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)頂角(jiao)120°的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)金(jin)(jin)(jin)剛(gang)石圓錐(zhui)(zhui)(zhui)體(ti)或(huo)(huo)直(zhi)徑(jing)(jing)為(wei)(wei)1.59、3.18mm的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)鋼球，在(zai)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)定(ding)載(zai)(zai)(zai)荷(he)(he)下(xia)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)入被測(ce)(ce)(ce)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)表(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)，由(you)(you)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)痕(hen)(hen)(hen)(hen)(hen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)深度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)求出材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)硬(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)。根據試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)硬(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)，分(fen)三種不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)標(biao)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)來表(biao)(biao)(biao)示： HRA：是(shi)(shi)采用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)60kg載(zai)(zai)(zai)荷(he)(he)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)鉆(zhan)石錐(zhui)(zhui)(zhui)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)入器求得的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)硬(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)，用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)硬(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)*的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)（如(ru)硬(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)質(zhi)合(he)(he)金(jin)(jin)(jin)等(deng)(deng)(deng)）。 HRB：是(shi)(shi)采用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)100kg載(zai)(zai)(zai)荷(he)(he)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)直(zhi)徑(jing)(jing)1.58mm淬(cui)(cui)(cui)硬(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)鋼球，求得的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)硬(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)，用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)硬(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)較(jiao)(jiao)低(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)（如(ru)退(tui)火鋼、鑄鐵(tie)等(deng)(deng)(deng)）。 HRC：是(shi)(shi)采用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)150kg載(zai)(zai)(zai)荷(he)(he)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)鉆(zhan)石錐(zhui)(zhui)(zhui)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)入器求得的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)硬(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)，用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)硬(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)很(hen)高(gao)(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)（如(ru)淬(cui)(cui)(cui)火鋼等(deng)(deng)(deng)）。另(ling)外(wai)： 1.HRC含意是(shi)(shi)洛(luo)(luo)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)硬(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)C標(biao)尺(chi)(chi)， 2.HRC和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)HB在(zai)生產(chan)(chan)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)都很(hen)廣泛 3.HRC適(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)范(fan)(fan)(fan)圍(wei)(wei)HRC 20--67，相當(dang)于(yu)(yu)(yu)HB225--650 若硬(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)高(gao)(gao)(gao)于(yu)(yu)(yu)此(ci)(ci)范(fan)(fan)(fan)圍(wei)(wei)則用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)洛(luo)(luo)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)硬(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)A標(biao)尺(chi)(chi)HRA。若硬(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)低(di)于(yu)(yu)(yu)此(ci)(ci)范(fan)(fan)(fan)圍(wei)(wei)則用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)洛(luo)(luo)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)硬(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)B標(biao)尺(chi)(chi)HRB。 布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)硬(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)上(shang)限值(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)HB650,不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)高(gao)(gao)(gao)于(yu)(yu)(yu)此(ci)(ci)值(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。 4.洛(luo)(luo)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)硬(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)計(ji)C標(biao)尺(chi)(chi)之壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)頭為(wei)(wei)頂角(jiao)120度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)金(jin)(jin)(jin)剛(gang)石圓錐(zhui)(zhui)(zhui)，試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)載(zai)(zai)(zai)荷(he)(he)為(wei)(wei)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)確(que)定(ding)值(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，中(zhong)國標(biao)準(zhun)是(shi)(shi)150公(gong)斤力(li)。 布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)硬(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)計(ji)之壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)頭為(wei)(wei)淬(cui)(cui)(cui)硬(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)鋼球（HBS）或(huo)(huo)硬(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)質(zhi)合(he)(he)金(jin)(jin)(jin)球（HBW），試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)載(zai)(zai)(zai)荷(he)(he)隨球直(zhi)徑(jing)(jing)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)而不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)，從(cong)3000到31.25公(gong)斤力(li)。 5.洛(luo)(luo)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)硬(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)痕(hen)(hen)(hen)(hen)(hen)很(hen)小(xiao)，測(ce)(ce)(ce)量值(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)有(you)局部性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，須測(ce)(ce)(ce)數(shu)點求平均值(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，適(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)成(cheng)品和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)薄(bo)片，歸于(yu)(yu)(yu)無損(sun)檢測(ce)(ce)(ce)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)類。 布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)硬(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)痕(hen)(hen)(hen)(hen)(hen)較(jiao)(jiao)大(da)，測(ce)(ce)(ce)量值(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)準(zhun)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)適(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)成(cheng)品和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)薄(bo)片，一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)般(ban)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)歸于(yu)(yu)(yu)無損(sun)檢測(ce)(ce)(ce)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)類。 6.洛(luo)(luo)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)硬(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)硬(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)值(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)是(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)無名數(shu)，沒有(you)單(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)。（因(yin)(yin)此(ci)(ci)習慣稱(cheng)洛(luo)(luo)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)硬(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)為(wei)(wei)多少(shao)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)是(shi)(shi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)正確(que)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。） 布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)硬(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)硬(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)值(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)有(you)單(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)，且和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)抗(kang)拉(la)強(qiang)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)有(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)近(jin)似關系(xi)。 7.洛(luo)(luo)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)硬(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)直(zhi)接(jie)在(zai)表(biao)(biao)(biao)盤上(shang)顯示、也可以(yi)(yi)數(shu)字顯示，操(cao)作方(fang)(fang)(fang)便(bian)(bian)，快捷直(zhi)觀(guan)，適(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)大(da)量生產(chan)(chan)中(zhong)。 布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)硬(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)需要(yao)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)顯微(wei)(wei)鏡測(ce)(ce)(ce)量壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)痕(hen)(hen)(hen)(hen)(hen)直(zhi)徑(jing)(jing)，然后(hou)(hou)查(cha)(cha)表(biao)(biao)(biao)或(huo)(huo)計(ji)算，操(cao)作較(jiao)(jiao)繁瑣。 8.在(zai)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)定(ding)條件下(xia)，HB與HRC可以(yi)(yi)查(cha)(cha)表(biao)(biao)(biao)互換(huan)。其(qi)(qi)心算公(gong)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)可大(da)概記為(wei)(wei)：1HRC≈1/10HB。 根據德國標(biao)準(zhun)DIN50150,以(yi)(yi)下(xia)是(shi)(shi)常(chang)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)范(fan)(fan)(fan)圍(wei)(wei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)鋼材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)抗(kang)拉(la)強(qiang)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)與維氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)硬(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)、布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)硬(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)、洛(luo)(luo)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)硬(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)對(dui)照表(biao)(biao)(biao)。 抗(kang)拉(la)強(qiang)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du) Rm N/mm2 維氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)硬(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du) HV 布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)硬(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du) HB 洛(luo)(luo)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)硬(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du) HRC 250 80 76.0 - 270 85 80.7 - 285 90 85.2 - 305 95 90.2 - 320 100 95.0 - 335 105 99.8 - 350 110 105 - 370 115 109 - 380 120 114 - 400 125 119 - 415 130 124 - 430 135 128 - 450 140 133 - 465 145 138 - 480 150 143 - 490 155 147 - 510 160 152 - 530 165 156 - 545 170 162 - 560 175 166 - 575 180 171 - 595 185 176 - 610 190 181 - 625 195 185 - 640 200 190 - 660 205 195 - 675 210 199 - 690 215 204 - 705 220 209 - 720 225 214 - 740 230 219 - 755 235 223 - 770 240 228 20.3 785 245 233 21.3 800 250 238 22.2 820 255 242 23.1 835 260 247 24.0 850 265 252 24.8 865 270 257 25.6 880 275 261 26.4 900 280 266 27.1 915 285 271 27.8 930 290 276 28.5 950 295 280 29.2 965 300 285 29.8 995 310 295 31.0 1030 320 304 32.2 1060 330 314 33.3 1095 340 323 34.4 1125 350 333 35.5 1115 360 342 36.6 1190 370 352 37.7 1220 380 361 38.8 1255 390 371 39.8 1290 400 380 40.8 1320 410 390 41.8 1350 420 399 42.7 1385 430 409 43.6 1420 440 418 44.5 1455 450 428 45.3 1485 460 437 46.1 1520 470 447 46.9 1555 480 （456） 47.7 1595 490 （466） 48.4 1630 500 （475） 49.1 1665 510 （485） 49.8 1700 520 （494） 50.5 1740 530 （504） 51.1 1775 540 （513） 51.7 1810 550 （523） 52.3 1845 560 （532） 53.0 1880 570 （542） 53.6 1920 580 （551） 54.1 1955 590 （561） 54.7 1995 600 （570） 55.2 2030 610 （580） 55.7 2070 620 （589） 56.3 2105 630 （599） 56.8 2145 640 （608） 57.3 2180 650 （618） 57.8 　 660 　 58.3 　 670 　 58.8 　 680 　 59.2 　 690 　 59.7 　 700 　 60.1 　 720 　 61.0 　 740 　 61.8 　 760 　 62.5 　 780 　 63.3 　 800 　 64.0 　 820 　 64.7 　 840 　 65.3 　 860 　 65.9 　 880 　 66.4 　 900 　 67.0 　 920 　 67.5 　 940 　 68.0 硬(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)是(shi)(shi)機(ji)械性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)中(zhong)zui簡單(dan)易行的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)種試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)方(fang)(fang)(fang)法(fa)。為(wei)(wei)了(le)能(neng)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)硬(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)代(dai)替某(mou)些機(ji)械性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)，生產(chan)(chan)上(shang)需要(yao)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)比(bi)較(jiao)(jiao)準(zhun)確(que)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)硬(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)強(qiang)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)換(huan)算關系(xi)。 實(shi)踐證(zheng)明，金(jin)(jin)(jin)屬材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)各種硬(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)值(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)之間(jian)(jian)，硬(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)值(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)與強(qiang)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)值(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)之間(jian)(jian)具有(you)近(jin)似的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)相應(ying)關系(xi)。因(yin)(yin)為(wei)(wei)硬(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)值(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)是(shi)(shi)由(you)(you)起始(shi)塑(su)(su)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)變(bian)形(xing)(xing)抗(kang)力(li)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)繼續塑(su)(su)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)變(bian)形(xing)(xing)抗(kang)力(li)決定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)強(qiang)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)越(yue)(yue)高(gao)(gao)(gao)，塑(su)(su)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)變(bian)形(xing)(xing)抗(kang)力(li)越(yue)(yue)高(gao)(gao)(gao)，硬(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)值(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也就越(yue)(yue)高(gao)(gao)(gao)。 以(yi)(yi)上(shang)資料(liao)(liao)(liao)僅(jin)供參考